家庭风险因素与青少年心理健康之间的关系

杨革非; 陈益华; 叶妙; 程浚哲; 刘帮杉; 程姣

doi:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230065

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论著 | 更新时间：2023-09-19

家庭风险因素与青少年心理健康之间的关系
Relationship between family risk factors and adolescent mental health
中南大学学报(医学版) 中南大学学报(医学版) 2023年48卷第7期页码：1076-1085
作者机构：

1.长沙麓山国际实验学校,长沙 410006
2.中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所,长沙 410011
3.中国共产主义青年团湖南省委员会,长沙 410029
4.中南大学湘雅二医院团委,长沙 410011
作者简介：

杨革非，Email: 1879108937@qq.com, ORCID: 0009-0007-9894-0816
程姣，Email: 109055862@qq.com, ORCID: 0009-0001-8165-596X
基金信息：

国家科技重大专项(2021ZD0202000)
DOI：10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230065
中图分类号：
CSTR：
纸质出版日期： 2023-07-28 ，

收稿日期： 2023-02-25 ，

杨革非, 陈益华, 叶妙, 程浚哲, 刘帮杉, 程姣. 家庭风险因素与青少年心理健康之间的关系[J]. 中南大学学报(医学版), 2023, 48(7): 1076-1085.

YANG Gefei, CHEN Yihua, YE Miao, CHENG Junzhe, LIU Bangshan, CHENG Jiao. Relationship between family risk factors and adolescent mental health[J]. Journal of Central South University. Medical Science, 2023, 48(7): 1076-1085.
杨革非, 陈益华, 叶妙, 程浚哲, 刘帮杉, 程姣. 家庭风险因素与青少年心理健康之间的关系[J]. 中南大学学报(医学版), 2023, 48(7): 1076-1085. DOI：10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023. 230065

YANG Gefei, CHEN Yihua, YE Miao, CHENG Junzhe, LIU Bangshan, CHENG Jiao. Relationship between family risk factors and adolescent mental health[J]. Journal of Central South University. Medical Science, 2023, 48(7): 1076-1085. DOI：10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230065

摘要

目的

家庭风险因素对青少年心理健康至关重要，但针对青少年心理健康和家庭风险因素复合关系的研究相对较少。本研究通过分析青少年心理健康与人口学、家庭风险因素之间的复合关系，深入揭示家庭风险因素与青少年心理健康之间的关系。

方法

以长沙市某中学初中903名学生和高中991名学生为研究对象，通过问卷调查的形式，采用中学生心理健康量表和家庭累积风险问卷为调查工具进行研究；通过统计分析，明确影响中学生心理健康量表总分和因子得分的人口学因素，分析家庭累积风险问卷与中学生心理健康量表总分和因子得分之间的关系。

结果

女性在各类心理健康问题上评分均高于男性(均

0.05)；学生在不同阶段(初中和高中)易发生不同的心理问题，高一学生比初一学生在学习压力(

0.01)和适应不良(

0.01)2个维度上评分更高，初一学生比高一学生在强迫症状(

0.01)、偏执(

0.05)和敌对情绪(

0.01)3个维度上的评分更低；家庭亲密度低较家庭亲密度高、家庭冲突得分高较家庭冲突得分低的青少年各维度心理健康问题更多(均

0.05)；实现亲子分离较未实现亲子分离的青少年存在更多的强迫症状、人际关系敏感、焦虑、学习压力感、适应不良、情绪不稳定和心理不平衡(均

0.05)。

结论

女性、家庭亲密度低、家庭冲突多和亲子分离不良是青少年心理健康问题的风险因素；高年级中学生更容易出现学习压力和适应不良，低年级中学生更容易出现强迫症状、偏执和敌对情绪。

Abstract

Objective

Family risk factors are crucial to adolescent mental health. Few studies have investigated the complex relationship between family risk factors and adolescent mental health. This study aims to investigate the complex relationship between family cumulative risk (FCR) and adolescent mental health

and to clarify the factors contributing to adolescent mental health problems.

Methods

This study recruited 903 junior high school students and 991 senior high school students in Changsha

Hunan and was conducted through an offline computer-based questionnaire survey using the Middle School Student Mental Health Scale (MSSMHS) and the Family Cumulative Risk Questionnaire (FCRQ) to assess the mental health status and FCR factors

respectively. Statistical analyses were conducted to clarify the demographic factors influencing MSSMHS total and factor scores

and to analyze the relationship between FCRQ and MSSMHS total and factor scores.

Results

Females exhibited more mental health problems than males in various MSSMHS factors (all

0.05); adolescents were prone to different mental health problems at different stages (junior high school first-grade vs. senior high school first-grade); senior high school first-grade students were more likely to experience academic pressure and maladjustment than junior high school first-grade students (

0.01)

and junior high school first-grade students were more likely to exhibit obsessive

paranoia

and hostility symptoms than senior high school first-grade students (all

0.01); adolescents with low family intimacy and high family conflict reported more symptoms in every dimension of MSSMHS (all

0.05); adolecents with poor parent-child separation reported higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms

interpersonal sensitivity

anxiety

academic pressure

maladjustment

emotional instability

and unbalanced mind than those with good parent-child separation (all

0.05).

Conclusion

Female

low family intimacy

high family conflict

and poor parent-child separation are risk factors of adolescent mental health problems. Higher-grade middle school students are prone to exhibit academic pressure and maladjustment

while lower-grade middle school students are prone to exhibit obsessive

paranoia

and hostility symptoms.

关键词

家庭风险因素青少年心理健康

Keywords

family risk factorsadolescencemental health

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